buna
Meaning: arrive come (up to), visitExamples: Walala bunanharamina They caught sight of each other Ŋayi biḻanydhu bunana Ŋayi biḻanydhu bunana He arrived by plane Wirilmawuna ŋayi buna Wirilmawuna ŋayi buna He came to Wirilma
Derived forms of buna are: bunananydja (PAST1plusOPP); bunanhamirri (V-3-REC) meet, catch sight of (each other)
Contrast buna with: gumurr-buna (V-4-in) meet
Particle of the verb: bur
A synonym of buna is: ḏuy'yun
Language information...
Always capitalise? NoPart of speech: V-4-in/tr?
Etymology: Cf: Burarra -bona (PAST of bengga) arrived
Other...
ID: 913source: Zorc_1
ratified: Ratified
Informant (see the bottom of this page for details): DZ,FM,JDY,MC,TBY,WRF
Date last modified: 7/08/2002
Date submitted: 30/06/1999
List of abbreviations...
Abr : Abbreviation, an abbreviated formABS : Absolutive case (includes NOMinative and ACCusative with nouns)
ACC : ACCusative case (direct object of verb)
Ad : address term (used to call someone) See: Rf
Adj : Adjective or describing word (djarr'yunamirri dhäruk)
Adv : Adverb
ALL : Allative case (direction towards something or someone)
Alt : Alternate of (or) alternates with BABALA Alt: bawala
ASC : Associative case (about or concerning something or someone)
B : Both moieties, used by most or all (bukmak) speakers
B : Brother (in KINship terms)
BAS : Base or main form of a verb conjugation
Bir : Birrkili clan
Bug : Buginese
Bur : Burarra (language spoken at Maningrida, known by some Yolŋu)
Cf : Confer with; something related but not quite the same WALTJAṈ rain (noun) Cf: dharyun rain (verb)
Ch : Child language, way of speaking used to or by children
Conj : Conjunction, word used to link words or clauses together
CY : Coastal Yolŋu (includes Dhuwal, Dhuwala, Dhay'yi dialects)
D : Dhuwa moiety
D1 : First person deictic pronoun for this dialect D1 equals dhuwala
Da : Dhuwala('mirri) language group
Dal : Dhaḻwaŋu patrilect
Daṯ : Däṯiwuy patrilect
DEIC : Deictic or demonstrative pronoun (special words indicating place)
DEIC-1 : position close to first person (this, here near me)
DEIC-1plus2position : close to first & second person (this, that close to us)
DEIC-2 : position close to second person (that, there near you)
DEIC-3 : position by third person (that, there far away or yonder)
Dh : Dhaŋu('mi) language group
Di : Dhay'yi(mirr) language group
Dj : Djaŋu('mi) language group
Dl : Dhuwal('mirr) language group
Dp : Discourse particle
Dual : two people involved or implied
Dy : Yakuya (Dhiyakuy) language group (Ritharrŋu and Wägilak)
E.g : Example, for example
Enc : enclitic (a form that follows another word)
ERG : Ergative case (the doer or agent of a transitive verb), can also be used to mark INSTruments
Excl : Exclusive (does not include the person spoken to) See: Incl
Exis : Existential marker (-mi, -mirr, -mirri)
Exp : Expression or commonly used phrase (see also Idm)
Ext : Extension of meaning (to)
f : feminine, female, miyalk, baṯami, dhayka (as in Names or KIN)
F : Father in KINship terms
FUT : Future time; Future or Secondary form of verb
Gal : Gälpu patrilect
Gan : Ganalbiŋu or Ganhalpuyŋu patrilect
GEN : Genitive case (for or belonging to someone or something)
Glm : Golumala patrilect
Glp : Golpa patrilect (data so marked usually applies to Nh)
Gum : Gumatj patrilect
Gup : Gupapuyŋu patrilect
H : Husband (in KINship terms)
Hyp : Hyponym (belongs in the larger group of) BAḎARR Hyp: dharpa (BAḎARR is a kind of tree) BALPUḎU Hyp: gara (BALPUḎU is a kind of spear)
Idm : Idiom
-in : intransitive (verb)
-inplus : semitransitive (verb)
Include : Inclusive (does include the person spoken to) See: Excl
INST : Instrument used (marked by ERGative case)
IR : Irregular form class E.g: DHO (V-IR-tr)
Jam : Djambarrpuyŋu patrilect
Jap : Djapu patrilect
Jb : Djinba language group
Jn : Djinaŋ language group
KIN : KINship term
Lgl : Ḻiyagalawumirr patrilect
Liy : Ḻiyagawumirr patrilect
LOC : Locative case (place at, in or on); Location or place word
m : masculine, male, ḏirramu, ḏarramu (as in Names)
M : Mother in KINship terms or according to subsection rules
Mad : Maḏarrpa (-moṉuk) patrilect (a Dhuwaya dialect); Maḏarrpa (-dhuḏi) is usually included with Ritharrŋu in this dictionary
Mal : Malay
Maŋ : Maŋgalili patrilect
Mar : Marraŋu patrilect
LŊG : Luke Ŋalaŋala (Wutjara) Gaḻbayuŋga
LWG : Linda Wuḻamana Gaykamaŋu
Mkr : Macassarese, Macassan
Mny : Munyuku patrilect
Mrk : Marrakulu patrilect
MUT : MUTual (includes verbs that can be both RECiprocal and REFlexive)
n : noun (common or non-totemic)
N : name (personal or totemic)
NEG : Negative particle (e.g., no, not, don't)
Nh : Nhaŋu('mi) language group
NY : Northern Yolŋu (subgroup consisting of dhaŋu'mi, djaŋu'mi, e.g., Gålpu, Rirratjinŋu, Ŋaymil, Wangurri, and Warramiri)
Ŋay : Ŋaymil patrilect
OBL : Oblique case
Opp : Opposite meaning, an antonym BARRKU Opp: galki
OPP : OPPosition
PAST : Past time
PAST1 : Simple past or Tertiary form of verb
PAST2 : Distant past or Quarternary form of verb
pc : personal communication
PER : Pergressive (direction along or through something or someone)
Pl : Plural or group (mala) form
PN : Place Name
PRES : Present time
PRO : Pronoun (personal)
PROD : PRODuctive, Originator or Originative case on personal nouns & pronouns
PRS : Person, refers to persons or animates (not to things)v Qp : Question particle or question word
Rec : Reciprocal relationship of ŊÄṈḎI Rec: waku
REC : Reciprocal verb form (action done to one other) Cf: MUT, REF
REF : Reflexive verb form (action done to oneself) Cf: MUT, REC
Rel : Related to (Yolngu perceived relationship)
Rep : Replaced by (or) replaces
Rir : Rirratjiŋu patrilect
Rit : Ritharrŋu patrilect
S : Son (in KINship terms)
S1 : First choice spouse (according to subsection marriage rules)
S2 : Second choice spouse (according to subsection marriage rules)
SEM : SAL Semantics
SEQ : SEQuence, Immediate, or TEMPoral marker (-nha, -na)
Sg : Singular form
song : song form, generally limited to songs
suf : suffix, word-ending
sup : suppletive form (replaces a word that does not at all look related), e.g., NHE (plusGEN) equals NHUŊU, BA+ (V-ds) equals MÅRRAMA
SY : Southern Yolŋu (subgroup consisting of dhuwala'mirri, dhuwal'mirr, and yakuya, e.g. Gumatj, Gupapuyŋu, Djambarrpuyŋu,Ḻiyagawumirr, Ritharrŋu, Wagilak, etc.)
Sym : Symbol(ic) of
Syn : Synonym (same meaning)
Tab : Taboo relationship with BÄŊI (Name) Tab: båyŋu
TIME : Time word
-tr : transitive (verb)
-trplus : ditransitive (verb) (takes two objects)
V- : Verb (followed by GROUP NUMBER, 1 - 6,
V-ds : Discourse verb or ideophone
VD : final vowel-dropping patrilects (generally indicated by enclosing the dropped vowel in parentheses, e.g., ḏumurr(u), djälthirr(i), ḻakaram(angel))
VP : Verb particle (inflects with another verb)
VR : final vowel-retaining patrilects (see VD above)
W : wife (in KINship terms)
Wag : Wägilak patrilect
Wan : Wangurri patrilect
War : Warramiri patrilect
Wob : Wobulkarra
Y : Yirritja moiety
YK : Yirrkala Koine (also known as Dhuwaya or Baby Gumatj)
Z : Sister (in KINship terms)
Informants...
ADG : Andrew Daymaŋu GaykamaŋuAV : Anita van der Wal
AW : Alan Walker See also R&W, WRF, W&R
BDB : B. Ḏipililŋa Bukulatjpi
BL : Beulah Lowe (1976)
BMW : Bobby Munurruŋ Wunuŋmurra
BS : Bernard Schebeck
BW : Bruce Waters
DBG : Dorothy Buyuminy Ganambarr
DGB : David Gurrumuruwuy Bukulatjpi
DLY : David Lalambarri Yunupiŋu
DP : David Pepperill (handwritten dictionary of Gälpu)
DYM : David Yaŋgarriny Munyarryun
DZ : David Zorc
FM : Frances Morphy (1983)
FMG : Fay Mätjarra Garrawurra
FNM : Florence Ŋalawurr (Munuŋgurr) McLaughlin
GLM : Gordon Lanyipi Marrkula
HRW : Harry Rrany'tjiŋ Wunuŋmurra
JBG : James Barripaŋ Gaṉḏaŋu
JDG : John Ḏamarrwura Gaykamaŋu
JDW : Jimmy Dhurpirri Waṉambi
JDY : Jimmy Dhopaŋ Yunupiŋu
JG : John Greatorex
JGW : John Gupaniny Wunuŋmurra
JGY : James Galarrwuy Yunupiŋu
JH : Jeffrey Heath (1980)
JMG : Jessie Murarrgirarrgi Gaykamaŋu
JMR : Joyce M. Ross, M.B.E.
JR : John Rudder (19 )
JWD : Joe Wulwul Dhamarraṉdji
KGG : Keith Garradhawal Garrawurra
KLD : Keith Lapuluŋ Dhamarraṉdji
MC : Michael Christie (1979), Gupapuyŋu-English Dictionary
MC1 : Michael Christie (1981), YOLŊU MATHA (Gupapuyŋu Grammar Lessons)
MDY : Murphy Dhalpirripa Yunupiŋu
MRM : Margaret Raymattja (Marika) Munuŋgiritj
NWG : Nancy Wamathana Gaykamaŋu
PBG : Paul Biyarranydjarrwuy Gumbula
PGD : Peter Goŋnyanyuk Dhamarraṉdji
RA : Robert Amery
RLW : Ronnie Ḻambitj Waṉambi
RW : Ray Wood
R&W : Joyce Ross & Alan Walker (1983) (See also: W&R, WRF)
SD : Steven Davis (19 )
SYG : Sherilyn Yalmay Gurruwiwi
TBY : Tom Bakamana Yunupiŋu
TZ : Tchekhoff & Zorc (1983)
WdV : Wilkinson, de Veere, et al (198 )
W&R : Alan Walker & Joyce Ross (1985) (See also: R&W)
WRF : Alan Walker, Joyce Ross & Mary Fletcher (edited manuscript)
WZ : Alan Walker & David Zorc (1981)